- Title Pages
-
An NBER Conference Report
- National Bureau of Economic Research
- Relation of the Directors to the Work and Publications of the National Bureau of Economic Research
- Acknowledgments
- Introduction
-
1 Social Security Incentives in Belgium -
2 Retirement Incentives and Canada’s Social Security Programs -
3 Labor Force Exit in Denmark, 1980–2016 -
4 Workers’ Employment Rates and Pension Reforms in France -
5 Social Security Reforms and the Changing Retirement Behavior in Germany -
6 The Evolution of Incentives for Retirement in Italy, 1980–2015 -
7 Social Security Programs and Elderly Employment in Japan -
8 Social Security Programs and Employment at Older Ages in the Netherlands -
9 Trends in Employment and Social Security Incentives in the Spanish Pension System, 1980–2016 -
10 Social Security Reforms and the Changing Retirement Behavior in Sweden -
11 A Lifetime of Changes -
12 The Evolution of Retirement Incentives in the US - Contributors
- Author Index
- Subject Index
Social Security Reforms and the Changing Retirement Behavior in Germany
Social Security Reforms and the Changing Retirement Behavior in Germany
As in the other countries in this volume, the employment rate in Germany for those aged 55 to 69 had been declining in recent decades, and then began to rise dramatically. Among the 12 countries involved in this volume, Germany has experienced the largest increase in the employment rate of the 55-69 age group. This chapter investigates the role of structural policy changes since 1980. We summarize the institutional changes and pension reforms in Germany that may account for the trend reversal, and calculate an implicit tax on working longer. We find that for both men and women the increase in the employment rate coincides with a reduction in the early retirement incentive. The reduction of incentives mainly stems from the introduction of actuarial deductions for early retirement. In recent years the employment rate additionally increased due to the abolishment of specific early retirement pathways.
Keywords: retirement incentives, employment, pension reform, implicit tax on working longer, older workers, Germany
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- Title Pages
-
An NBER Conference Report
- National Bureau of Economic Research
- Relation of the Directors to the Work and Publications of the National Bureau of Economic Research
- Acknowledgments
- Introduction
-
1 Social Security Incentives in Belgium -
2 Retirement Incentives and Canada’s Social Security Programs -
3 Labor Force Exit in Denmark, 1980–2016 -
4 Workers’ Employment Rates and Pension Reforms in France -
5 Social Security Reforms and the Changing Retirement Behavior in Germany -
6 The Evolution of Incentives for Retirement in Italy, 1980–2015 -
7 Social Security Programs and Elderly Employment in Japan -
8 Social Security Programs and Employment at Older Ages in the Netherlands -
9 Trends in Employment and Social Security Incentives in the Spanish Pension System, 1980–2016 -
10 Social Security Reforms and the Changing Retirement Behavior in Sweden -
11 A Lifetime of Changes -
12 The Evolution of Retirement Incentives in the US - Contributors
- Author Index
- Subject Index
