- Title Pages
-
An NBER Conference Report
- National Bureau of Economic Research
- Relation of the Directors to the Work and Publications of the National Bureau of Economic Research
- Acknowledgments
- Introduction
-
1 Social Security Incentives in Belgium -
2 Retirement Incentives and Canada’s Social Security Programs -
3 Labor Force Exit in Denmark, 1980–2016 -
4 Workers’ Employment Rates and Pension Reforms in France -
5 Social Security Reforms and the Changing Retirement Behavior in Germany -
6 The Evolution of Incentives for Retirement in Italy, 1980–2015 -
7 Social Security Programs and Elderly Employment in Japan -
8 Social Security Programs and Employment at Older Ages in the Netherlands -
9 Trends in Employment and Social Security Incentives in the Spanish Pension System, 1980–2016 -
10 Social Security Reforms and the Changing Retirement Behavior in Sweden -
11 A Lifetime of Changes -
12 The Evolution of Retirement Incentives in the US - Contributors
- Author Index
- Subject Index
Retirement Incentives and Canada’s Social Security Programs
Retirement Incentives and Canada’s Social Security Programs
Since the mid-1990s in Canada, the employment and labor force participation rates of older men and women have increased steadily. In this study, we document Canadian trends alongside measures of the incentives to continue working at older ages embodied in Canada’s social security programs. The social security benefit an individual or couple receives largely depends on their career earnings. We demonstrate that Canada’s programs offering means-tested benefits play an important role in the incentives one has to continue working at older ages. While the main pension program (the Canada Pension Plan) offers higher annual benefits when labor force departure and claiming are delayed, every dollar gained by a low-income senior in annual CPP benefits results in a loss of means-tested benefits. We represent this as an implicit tax on continued work. Since the late 1980s, it appears this implicit tax has been declining.
Keywords: earnings, benefits, pension reform, retirement incentives, employment, Canada, CPP, implicit tax, working longer, older workers
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- Title Pages
-
An NBER Conference Report
- National Bureau of Economic Research
- Relation of the Directors to the Work and Publications of the National Bureau of Economic Research
- Acknowledgments
- Introduction
-
1 Social Security Incentives in Belgium -
2 Retirement Incentives and Canada’s Social Security Programs -
3 Labor Force Exit in Denmark, 1980–2016 -
4 Workers’ Employment Rates and Pension Reforms in France -
5 Social Security Reforms and the Changing Retirement Behavior in Germany -
6 The Evolution of Incentives for Retirement in Italy, 1980–2015 -
7 Social Security Programs and Elderly Employment in Japan -
8 Social Security Programs and Employment at Older Ages in the Netherlands -
9 Trends in Employment and Social Security Incentives in the Spanish Pension System, 1980–2016 -
10 Social Security Reforms and the Changing Retirement Behavior in Sweden -
11 A Lifetime of Changes -
12 The Evolution of Retirement Incentives in the US - Contributors
- Author Index
- Subject Index
