- Title Pages
- Foreword
- Acknowledgments
-
Chapter 1 The Amboseli Elephants: Introduction -
Chapter 2 Amboseli Ecosystem Context: Past and Present -
Chapter 3 The Human Context of the Amboseli Elephants -
Chapter 4 The Population Genetics of the Amboseli and Kilimanjaro Elephants -
Chapter 5 Habitat Use, Diet Choice, and Nutritional Status in Female and Male Amboseli Elephants -
Chapter 6 Ecological Patterns of Variability in Demographic Rates -
Chapter 7 Patterns of Occupancy in Time and Space -
Chapter 8 Signals, Gestures, and Behavior of African Elephants -
Chapter 9 Behavioral Contexts of Elephant Acoustic Communication -
Chapter 10 Vocal Communication and Social Knowledge in African Elephants -
Chapter 11 Elephant Cognition: What We Know about What Elephants Know -
Chapter 12 Female Reproductive Strategies: Individual Life Histories -
Chapter 13 Female Social Dynamics: Fidelity and Flexibility -
Chapter 14 Calf Development and Maternal Rearing Strategies -
Chapter 15 Friends and Relations: Kinship and the Nature of Female Elephant Social Relationships -
Chapter 16 Decision Making and Leadership in Using the Ecosystem -
Chapter 17 Male Social Dynamics: Independence and Beyond -
Chapter 18 Longevity, Competition, and Musth: A Long-term Perspective on Male Reproductive Strategies -
Chapter 19 The Maasai-Elephant Relationship: The Evolution and Influence of Culture, Land Use, and Attitudes -
Chapter 20 The Behavioral Responses of Elephants to the Maasai in Amboseli -
Chapter 21 Ethical Approaches to Elephant Conservation -
Chapter 22 The Future of the Amboseli Elephants -
Appendix 1 Methods -
Appendix 2 Large Animal Species Referred to in the Book - References
- Contributors
- Index
Ecological Patterns of Variability in Demographic Rates
Ecological Patterns of Variability in Demographic Rates
- Chapter:
- (p.74) Chapter 6 Ecological Patterns of Variability in Demographic Rates
- Source:
- The Amboseli Elephants
- Author(s):
Phyllis C. Lee
W. Keith Lindsay
Cynthia J. Moss
- Publisher:
- University of Chicago Press
This chapter, which aims to examine some of the ecological factors affecting the birth and death rates of elephants, investigates seasonal and annual variation in rates of conception and calf mortality using 30 years of demographic data for the Amboseli population. It attempts to link these demographic rates to the underlying factors of food abundance and quality, using a proxy measure of rainfall and its distribution over an annual cycle and between years. The chapter assesses the long-term consequences of ecological impacts on individuals and the population.
Keywords: ecological pattern, demographic rates, calf mortality, Amboseli elephants, elephant population, food quality
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- Title Pages
- Foreword
- Acknowledgments
-
Chapter 1 The Amboseli Elephants: Introduction -
Chapter 2 Amboseli Ecosystem Context: Past and Present -
Chapter 3 The Human Context of the Amboseli Elephants -
Chapter 4 The Population Genetics of the Amboseli and Kilimanjaro Elephants -
Chapter 5 Habitat Use, Diet Choice, and Nutritional Status in Female and Male Amboseli Elephants -
Chapter 6 Ecological Patterns of Variability in Demographic Rates -
Chapter 7 Patterns of Occupancy in Time and Space -
Chapter 8 Signals, Gestures, and Behavior of African Elephants -
Chapter 9 Behavioral Contexts of Elephant Acoustic Communication -
Chapter 10 Vocal Communication and Social Knowledge in African Elephants -
Chapter 11 Elephant Cognition: What We Know about What Elephants Know -
Chapter 12 Female Reproductive Strategies: Individual Life Histories -
Chapter 13 Female Social Dynamics: Fidelity and Flexibility -
Chapter 14 Calf Development and Maternal Rearing Strategies -
Chapter 15 Friends and Relations: Kinship and the Nature of Female Elephant Social Relationships -
Chapter 16 Decision Making and Leadership in Using the Ecosystem -
Chapter 17 Male Social Dynamics: Independence and Beyond -
Chapter 18 Longevity, Competition, and Musth: A Long-term Perspective on Male Reproductive Strategies -
Chapter 19 The Maasai-Elephant Relationship: The Evolution and Influence of Culture, Land Use, and Attitudes -
Chapter 20 The Behavioral Responses of Elephants to the Maasai in Amboseli -
Chapter 21 Ethical Approaches to Elephant Conservation -
Chapter 22 The Future of the Amboseli Elephants -
Appendix 1 Methods -
Appendix 2 Large Animal Species Referred to in the Book - References
- Contributors
- Index
