Sources of Black Nationalism from the 1950s to the 1970s
Sources of Black Nationalism from the 1950s to the 1970s
This chapter argues that the growing radicalism of black urban politics in the 1950s and 1960s reflected the long-term development of black nationalism as a product of direct experiences of persistent racial exclusion and the limits of urban liberalism. The chapter highlights the long and complex history of black nationalism as it played out in institutions as different as the proudly interracial Roosevelt University, the Nation of Islam, and the Black Power neighborhood group known as the Kenwood Oakland Community Organization. Such institutions created points of convention for a new generation of progressive activists whose idiosyncratic, dynamic collaborations created a political culture in which movements for self-help and black power were never wholly divorced from a pragmatic willingness to work across ideological and racial lines, and to continue to make demands on the state in the cause of racial advancement.
Keywords: Black Power, Black Nationalism, Nation of Islam, Roosevelt University, Kenwood Oakland Community Organization, Self-help, Black Power, Urban Liberalism, 1950s, 1960s
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