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Defining the Rural School Problem Defining the Rural School Problem
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Professional Leadership and Community Building in Rural School Reform Professional Leadership and Community Building in Rural School Reform
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Consolidation and the Structural Weaknesses of Small Rural Schools Consolidation and the Structural Weaknesses of Small Rural Schools
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National Rural School Reform in America's System of Federalism National Rural School Reform in America's System of Federalism
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Two The Rural School Problem and the Complexities of National Reform
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Published:May 2012
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Abstract
The second decade of the twentieth century witnessed the rise of a nationwide movement for rural school reform in America that began as a sporadic set of critiques of rural schools and concerns about the countryside. In 1908, President Theodore Roosevelt appointed a National Country Life Commission to articulate an agenda for reform that focused on strengthening rural schools and other rural social institutions. In the years that followed, reformers worked to improve school buildings, increase school support and term length, broaden schools' rural focus and activities, turn the school into a social center, improve teaching and supervision, and make rural school administration more efficient. This chapter examines the emergence of a nationwide movement for rural school reform as a national project to strengthen rural communities against the forces of industrialization. It considers the role of professional leadership and community building in rural school reform, the consolidation and structural weaknesses of small rural schools, and the place of national rural school reform in America's system of federalism.
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